由于项目中需要对Mysql、Oracle、PostgreSQL进行兼容，那么mysql与oracle已经安装完成，接着我们就开始安装PostgreSQL。

环境

  • 操作系统 ： RHEL6.4（Final）
  • 防火墙 ： 关闭
  • SELINUX : disabled
  • Nexus 3

安装PostgreSQL 10

配置Yum代理仓库

打开Nexus 3，新建yum(proxy)仓库，名称随意，本篇为post-repo,地址就填写为https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/，点击保存。
点击copy按钮，获取地址为：http://10.10.202.157:8081/repository/post-repo/

下载pgdg-redhat10-10-1.noarch.rpm

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https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/10/redhat/rhel-6-x86_64/pgdg-redhat10-10-1.noarch.rpm

下载好以后,上传到目标机器进行安装，执行下面的代码：

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yum install rhel-6-x86_64/pgdg-redhat10-10-1.noarch.rpm

至此，pgdg的仓库就已经安装完成，该仓库路径为/etc/yum.repo.d下面，名为pgdg-10-redhat.repo
打开该yum源仓库的配置，就可以看到如下内容：

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vim pgdg-10-redhat.repo
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[pgdg10]
name=PostgreSQL 10 $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/10/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG-10
  
[pgdg10-source]
name=PostgreSQL 10 $releasever - $basearch - Source
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/srpms/10/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG-10

[pgdg10-updates-testing]
name=PostgreSQL 10 $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/testing/10/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG-10

[pgdg10-source-updates-testing]
name=PostgreSQL 10 $releasever - $basearch - Source
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/srpms/testing/10/redhat/rhel-$releasever-$basearch
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG-10

由于我们的机器所在的机房不允许机房的机器访问公网，那么此时只能与之前搭建的Nexus 3来实现了。此时第一步配置的代理仓库就发挥了作用。
根据我们获取的链接：

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http://10.10.202.157:8081/repository/post-repo/

实际上对应的源链接为：

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https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/

那么我们就可以将pgdg-10-redhat.repo的内容修改为如下：

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[pgdg10]
name=PostgreSQL 10 $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=http://10.10.202.157:8081/repository/post-repo/10/redhat/rhel-6.4-x86_64/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=0
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG-10

[pgdg10-source]
name=PostgreSQL 10 $releasever - $basearch - Source
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://10.10.202.157:8081/repository/post-repo/srpms/10/redhat/rhel-6.4-x86_64/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=0
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG-10

[pgdg10-updates-testing]
name=PostgreSQL 10 $releasever - $basearch
baseurl=http://10.10.202.157:8081/repository/post-repo/testing/10/redhat/rhel-6.4-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG-10

[pgdg10-source-updates-testing]
name=PostgreSQL 10 $releasever - $basearch - Source
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://10.10.202.157:8081/repository/post-repo/srpms/testing/10/redhat/rhel-6.4-x86_64/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=0
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG-10

此时，执行yum update

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yum update
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Setting up Update Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
pgdg10-updates-testing                                                                                                                                                                                     | 2.7 kB     00:00     
No Packages marked for Update

安装PostgreSQL

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yum install postgresql10
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yum install postgresql10

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postgresql10.x86_64 0:10.1-5PGDG.rhel6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: postgresql10-libs(x86-64) = 10.1-5PGDG.rhel6 for package: postgresql10-10.1-5PGDG.rhel6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libicu for package: postgresql10-10.1-5PGDG.rhel6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libpq.so.5()(64bit) for package: postgresql10-10.1-5PGDG.rhel6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libicu.x86_64 0:4.2.1-14.el6 will be installed
---> Package postgresql10-libs.x86_64 0:10.1-5PGDG.rhel6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

安装postgresql10-server

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yum install postgresql10-server
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yum install postgresql10-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postgresql10-server.x86_64 0:10.1-5PGDG.rhel6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                   Arch                                         Version                                                Repository                                                    Size
==================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 postgresql10-server                                       x86_64                                       10.1-5PGDG.rhel6                                       pgdg10-updates-testing                                       4.6 M

Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 4.6 M
Installed size: 16 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
postgresql10-server-10.1-5PGDG.rhel6.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                            | 4.6 MB     00:02     
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : postgresql10-server-10.1-5PGDG.rhel6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                    1/1 
  Verifying  : postgresql10-server-10.1-5PGDG.rhel6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                    1/1 

Installed:
  postgresql10-server.x86_64 0:10.1-5PGDG.rhel6                                                                                                                                                                                   

Complete!

初始化PostgreSQL

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service postgresql-10 initdb
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Initializing database:                                     [  OK  ]
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chkconfig postgresql-10 on

启动PostgreSQL

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service postgresql-10 start
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Starting postgresql-10 service:                            [  OK  ]

至此，PostgreSQL就已经安装完成，可以切换到postgres去登录PostgreSQL了。